Tone reservation for sets of consecutive subcarriers

ABSTRACT

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may receive an indication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or more communications. The UE may communicate the one or more communications having tone reservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers. Numerous other aspects are described.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wirelesscommunication and to techniques and apparatuses for tone reservation forsets of consecutive subcarriers.

BACKGROUND

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustelecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging,and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employmultiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication withmultiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth,transmit power, or the like). Examples of such multiple-accesstechnologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, timedivision multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency-division multipleaccess (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access(OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency-division multiple access(SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multipleaccess (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE).LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by theThird Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

A wireless network may include a number of base stations (BSs) that cansupport communication for a number of user equipment (UEs). A UE maycommunicate with a BS via the downlink and uplink. “Downlink” (orforward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE,and “uplink” (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from theUE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may bereferred to as a Node B, a gNB, an access point (AP), a radio head, atransmit receive point (TRP), a New Radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B, or thelike.

The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in varioustelecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enablesdifferent user equipment to communicate on a municipal, national,regional, and even global level. NR, which may also be referred to as5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated bythe 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband

Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs,improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integratingwith other open standards using orthogonal frequency divisionmultiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink(DL), using CP-OFDM and/or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as discrete Fouriertransform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), as well assupporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennatechnology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadbandaccess continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and otherradio access technologies remain useful.

SUMMARY

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a userequipment (UE) includes receiving an indication of a size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to beapplied for one or more communications; and communicating the one ormore communications having tone reservation applied to one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a basestation includes transmitting, to a UE, an indication of a size of setsof consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is tobe applied for one or more communications; and communicating, with theUE, the one or more communications having tone reservation applied toone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication includes a memory andone or more processors, coupled to the memory, configured to: receive anindication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on whichchannel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications; and communicate the one or more communications havingtone reservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication includes amemory and one or more processors, coupled to the memory, configured to:transmit, to a UE, an indication of a size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied forone or more communications; and communicate, with the UE, the one ormore communications having tone reservation applied to one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a setof instructions for wireless communication includes one or moreinstructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE,cause the UE to: receive an indication of a size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied forone or more communications; and communicate the one or morecommunications having tone reservation applied to one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a setof instructions for wireless communication includes one or moreinstructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a basestation, cause the base station to: transmit, to a UE, an indication ofa size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tonereservation is to be applied for one or more communications; andcommunicate, with the UE, the one or more communications having tonereservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes meansfor receiving an indication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarrierson which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications; and means for communicating the one or morecommunications having tone reservation applied to one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes meansfor transmitting, to a UE, an indication of a size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to beapplied for one or more communications; and means for communicating,with the UE, the one or more communications having tone reservationapplied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer programproduct, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, basestation, wireless communication device, and/or processing system assubstantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated bythe drawings and specification.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technicaladvantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that thedetailed description that follows may be better understood. Additionalfeatures and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conceptionand specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis formodifying or designing other structures for carrying out the samepurposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do notdepart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of theconcepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method ofoperation, together with associated advantages will be better understoodfrom the following description when considered in connection with theaccompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposesof illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limitsof the claims.

While aspects are described in the present disclosure by illustration tosome examples, those skilled in the art will understand that suchaspects may be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios.Techniques described herein may be implemented using different platformtypes, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and/or packaging arrangements.For example, some aspects may be implemented via integrated chipembodiments or other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-userdevices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrialequipment, retail/purchasing devices, medical devices, or artificialintelligence-enabled devices). Aspects may be implemented in chip-levelcomponents, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-levelcomponents, device-level components, or system-level components. Devicesincorporating described aspects and features may include additionalcomponents and features for implementation and practice of claimed anddescribed aspects. For example, transmission and reception of wirelesssignals may include a number of components for analog and digitalpurposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, poweramplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, orsummers). It is intended that aspects described herein may be practicedin a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributedarrangements, or end-user devices of varying size, shape, andconstitution.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can beunderstood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarizedabove, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustratedin the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appendeddrawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure andare therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for thedescription may admit to other equally effective aspects. The samereference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similarelements.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, inaccordance with the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station incommunication with a UE in a wireless network, in accordance with thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of tone reservation, inaccordance with the present disclosure.

FIGS. 4-7 are diagrams illustrating examples associated with data aidedchannel oriented tone reservation, in accordance with the presentdisclosure.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams illustrating example processes associatedwith tone reservation for sets of consecutive subcarriers, in accordancewith the present disclosure.

FIGS. 10 and 11 are block diagrams of example apparatuses for wirelesscommunication, in accordance with the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafterwith reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may,however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construedas limited to any specific structure or function presented throughoutthis disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that thisdisclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey thescope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on theteachings herein, one skilled in the art should appreciate that thescope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of thedisclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of orcombined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, anapparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using anynumber of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of thedisclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which ispracticed using other structure, functionality, or structure andfunctionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of thedisclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect ofthe disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elementsof a claim.

Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented withreference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses andtechniques will be described in the following detailed description andillustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules,components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like(collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may beimplemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whethersuch elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon theparticular application and design constraints imposed on the overallsystem.

It should be noted that while aspects may be described herein usingterminology commonly associated with a 5G or NR radio access technology(RAT), aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs,such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and/or a RAT subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G).

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100,in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 maybe or may include elements of a 5G (NR) network and/or an LTE network,among other examples. The wireless network 100 may include a number ofbase stations 110 (shown as BS 110 a, BS 110 b, BS 110 c, and BS 110 d)and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity thatcommunicates with user equipment (UEs) and may also be referred to as anNR BS, a Node B, a gNB, a 5G node B (NB), an access point, a transmitreceive point (TRP), or the like. Each BS may provide communicationcoverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” canrefer to a coverage area of a BS and/or a BS subsystem serving thiscoverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, afemto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover arelatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius)and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. Apico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allowunrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell maycover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allowrestricted access by UEs having association with the femto cell (e.g.,UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). ABS for a macro cell may bereferred to as a macro BS. ABS for a pico cell may be referred to as apico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or ahome BS. In the example shown in FIG. 1 , a BS 110 a may be a macro BSfor a macro cell 102 a, a BS 110 b may be a pico BS for a pico cell 102b, and a BS 110 c may be a femto BS for a femto cell 102 c. A BS maysupport one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. The terms “eNB”, “basestation”, “NR BS”, “gNB”, “TRP”, “AP”, “node B”, “5G NB”, and “cell” maybe used interchangeably herein.

In some aspects, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and thegeographic area of the cell may move according to the location of amobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected to one anotherand/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in thewireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces, suchas a direct physical connection or a virtual network, using any suitabletransport network.

Wireless network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay station isan entity that can receive a transmission of data from an upstreamstation (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of the data to adownstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be aUE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In the example shown inFIG. 1 , a relay BS 110 d may communicate with macro BS 110 a and a UE120 d in order to facilitate communication between BS 110 a and UE 120d. A relay BS may also be referred to as a relay station, a relay basestation, a relay, or the like.

Wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs ofdifferent types, such as macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, orthe like. These different types of BSs may have different transmit powerlevels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interferencein wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs may have a high transmitpower level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico BSs, femto BSs, and relayBSs may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

A network controller 130 may couple to a set of BSs and may providecoordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 maycommunicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicatewith one another, e.g., directly or indirectly via a wireless orwireline backhaul.

UEs 120 (e.g., 120 a, 120 b, 120 c) may be dispersed throughout wirelessnetwork 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also bereferred to as an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, asubscriber unit, a station, or the like. A UE may be a cellular phone(e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wirelessmodem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptopcomputer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, atablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook,a medical device or equipment, biometric sensors/devices, wearabledevices (smart watches, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristbands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), anentertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satelliteradio), a vehicular component or sensor, smart meters/sensors,industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device,or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via awireless or wired medium.

Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolvedor enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEsinclude, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters,monitors, and/or location tags, that may communicate with a basestation, another device (e.g., remote device), or some other entity. Awireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network(e.g., a wide area network such as Internet or a cellular network) via awired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be consideredInternet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implemented as NB-IoT(narrowband internet of things) devices. Some UEs may be considered aCustomer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 may be included inside ahousing that houses components of UE 120, such as processor componentsand/or memory components. In some aspects, the processor components andthe memory components may be coupled together. For example, theprocessor components (e.g., one or more processors) and the memorycomponents (e.g., a memory) may be operatively coupled, communicativelycoupled, electronically coupled, and/or electrically coupled.

In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a givengeographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular RAT andmay operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to asa radio technology, an air interface, or the like. A frequency may alsobe referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Eachfrequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in orderto avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. Insome cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120 a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g.,without using a base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate withone another). For example, the UEs 120 may communicate usingpeer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D)communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which mayinclude a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol or avehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol), and/or a mesh network. Inthis case, the UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resourceselection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere hereinas being performed by the base station 110.

Devices of wireless network 100 may communicate using theelectromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided based on frequency orwavelength into various classes, bands, channels, or the like. Forexample, devices of wireless network 100 may communicate using anoperating band having a first frequency range (FR1), which may span from410 MHz to 7.125 GHz, and/or may communicate using an operating bandhaving a second frequency range (FR2), which may span from 24.25 GHz to52.6 GHz. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred toas mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is often referred to as a “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, FR2 isoften referred to as a “millimeter wave” band despite being differentfrom the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) which isidentified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a“millimeter wave” band. Thus, unless specifically stated otherwise, itshould be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like, if usedherein, may broadly represent frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencieswithin FR1, and/or mid-band frequencies (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz).Similarly, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understoodthat the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, may broadlyrepresent frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2,and/or mid-band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It iscontemplated that the frequencies included in FR1 and FR2 may bemodified, and techniques described herein are applicable to thosemodified frequency ranges.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may include a communication manager 140. Asdescribed in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140may receive an indication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarrierson which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications; and communicate the one or more communications havingtone reservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 mayperform one or more other operations described herein.

In some aspects, the base station 110 may include a communicationmanager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, thecommunication manager 150 may transmit, to a UE, an indication of a sizeof sets of consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tonereservation is to be applied for one or more communications; andcommunicate, with the UE, the one or more communications having tonereservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 mayperform one or more other operations described herein.

As indicated above, FIG. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with regard to FIG. 1 .

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a base station 110 incommunication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100, in accordancewith the present disclosure. Base station 110 may be equipped with Tantennas 234 a through 234t, and UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas252 a through 252 r, where in general T≥1 and R≥1.

At base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data from adata source 212 for one or more UEs, select one or more modulation andcoding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channelquality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE, process (e.g., encodeand modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS(s)selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmitprocessor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-staticresource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g.,CQI requests, grants, and/or upper layer signaling) and provide overheadsymbols and control symbols. Transmit processor 220 may also generatereference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific referencesignal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) andsynchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) ora secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX)multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatialprocessing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols,the overhead symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, andmay provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232 a through232t. Each modulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream(e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, andupconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Tdownlink signals from modulators 232 a through 232t may be transmittedvia T antennas 234 a through 234t, respectively.

At UE 120, antennas 252 a through 252 r may receive the downlink signalsfrom base station 110 and/or other base stations and may providereceived signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254 a through 254 r,respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify,downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples.Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., forOFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtainreceived symbols from all R demodulators 254 a through 254 r, performMIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and providedetected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulateand decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to adata sink 260, and provide decoded control information and systeminformation to a controller/processor 280. The term“controller/processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or moreprocessors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determinea reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signalstrength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality(RSRQ) parameter, and/or a channel quality indicator (CQI) parameter,among other examples. In some aspects, one or more components of UE 120may be included in a housing 284.

Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294,controller/processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 mayinclude, for example, one or more devices in a core network. Networkcontroller 130 may communicate with base station 110 via communicationunit 294.

Antennas (e.g., antennas 234 a through 234t and/or antennas 252 athrough 252 r) may include, or may be included within, one or moreantenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and/or antennaarrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a setof antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or moreantenna elements. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antennaelements, and/or an antenna array may include a set of coplanar antennaelements and/or a set of non-coplanar antenna elements. An antennapanel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antennaarray may include antenna elements within a single housing and/orantenna elements within multiple housings. An antenna panel, an antennagroup, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may includeone or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and/orreception components, such as one or more components of FIG. 2 .

On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive andprocess data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., forreports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and/or CQI) fromcontroller/processor 280. Transmit processor 264 may also generatereference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols fromtransmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 ifapplicable, further processed by modulators 254 a through 254 r (e.g.,for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to base station 110. In someaspects, a modulator and a demodulator (e.g., MOD/DEMOD 254) of the UE120 may be included in a modem of the UE 120. In some aspects, the UE120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combinationof antenna(s) 252, modulators and/or demodulators 254, MIMO detector256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and/or TX MIMOprocessor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g.,controller/processor 280) and memory 282 to perform aspects of any ofthe methods described herein (for example, as described with referenceto FIGS. 4-9 ).

At base station 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs may bereceived by antennas 234, processed by demodulators 232, detected by aMIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receiveprocessor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE120. Receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink239 and the decoded control information to controller/processor 240.Base station 110 may include communication unit 244 and communicate tonetwork controller 130 via communication unit 244. Base station 110 mayinclude a scheduler 246 to schedule UEs 120 for downlink and/or uplinkcommunications. In some aspects, a modulator and a demodulator (e.g.,MOD/DEMOD 232) of the base station 110 may be included in a modem of thebase station 110. In some aspects, the base station 110 includes atransceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s)234, modulators and/or demodulators 232, MIMO detector 236, receiveprocessor 238, transmit processor 220, and/or TX MIMO processor 230. Thetransceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller/processor 240)and memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein(for example, as described with reference to FIGS. 4-9 ).

Controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform one ormore techniques associated with tone reservation for sets of consecutivesubcarriers, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example,controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform or directoperations of, for example, process 800 of FIG. 8 , process 900 of FIG.9 , and/or other processes as described herein. Memories 242 and 282 maystore data and program codes for base station 110 and UE 120,respectively. In some aspects, memory 242 and/or memory 282 may includea non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or moreinstructions (e.g., code and/or program code) for wirelesscommunication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed(e.g., directly, or after compiling, converting, and/or interpreting) byone or more processors of the base station 110 and/or the UE 120, maycause the one or more processors, the UE 120, and/or the base station110 to perform or direct operations of, for example, process 800 of FIG.8 , process 900 of FIG. 9 , and/or other processes as described herein.In some aspects, executing instructions may include running theinstructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions,and/or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.

In some aspects, the UE includes means for receiving an indication of asize of sets of consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tonereservation is to be applied for one or more communications; and/ormeans for communicating the one or more communications having tonereservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers. Themeans for the UE to perform operations described herein may include, forexample, one or more of communication manager 140, antenna 252,demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmitprocessor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, modulator 254,controller/processor 280, or memory 282.

In some aspects, the base station includes means for transmitting, to aUE, an indication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on whichchannel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications; and/or means for communicating, with the UE, the one ormore communications having tone reservation applied to one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers. The means for the base station to performoperations described herein may include, for example, one or more ofcommunication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor230, modulator 232, antenna 234, demodulator 232, MIMO detector 236,receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory 242, orscheduler 246.

While blocks in FIG. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, thefunctions described above with respect to the blocks may be implementedin a single hardware, software, or combination component or in variouscombinations of components. For example, the functions described withrespect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and/orthe TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control ofcontroller/processor 280.

As indicated above, FIG. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with regard to FIG. 2 .

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of UE subcarrier tonereservation on one or more subcarriers, in accordance with the presentdisclosure. In some networks, a base station may transmit a downlinktransmission on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) with tonereservation on one or more subcarriers based at least in part onmeasurement(s) of uplink signals from a UE, a request from the UE, anindication of a capability of the UE, and/or an independentdetermination by the base station, among other examples (e.g., asdescribed herein).

In some aspects, the UE may be configured to communicate with the basestation with a configuration for tone reservation. For example, theconfiguration may be common for multiple communications (e.g., for aconfigured grant and/or semi-persistent scheduling resources), multipleUEs connected to the base station, a beam provided by the base station,a cell provided by the base station, and/or the like.

As shown by example 300, a PDSCH may include one or more reservedsubcarriers (e.g., tones) on which data and/or pilots are not to betransmitted. In some aspects, the subcarriers may be empty (e.g., nothaving any information intended for transmission to the UE).Additionally, or alternatively, tone reservation may be applied tophysical downlink control channel (PDCCH) symbols (e.g., symbols 0 and 1in FIG. 3 ). In some aspects, a pilot may include or may be a referencesignal. In some aspects, the base station may transmit a signal that isconfigured to improve a peak-to-average-power-ratio (PAPR) for adownlink transmission on the PDSCH by using tone reservation to forgotransmission of data and/or pilots on the one or more reservedsubcarriers. While example 300 provides an example of tone reservationapplied to PDSCH and/or PDCCH, in some aspects (e.g., when a UE appliestone reservation to uplink communications transmitted to a basestation), tone reservation may be applied to physical uplink sharedchannel (PUSCH) and/or physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) symbols.

Signaling for use of tone reservation on individual subcarriers mayconsume resources as overhead, which may decrease throughput and/orspectral efficiency. For example, to enable the UE to identify whichsubcarriers have tone reservation applied, the base station may indicatethe frequency locations (e.g., using indices) of each of the subcarriersto the UE. These indications may consume communication, network, andpower resources. Additionally, or alternatively, consumption of networkresources for the indications may decrease throughput available for data(e.g., associated with the PDSCH). In a communication where tonereservation is not used, an increase in PAPR may occur, which maydegrade communications between the base station and the UE, and maynegatively affect an efficiency of power amplification at the basestation. Based at least in part on degradation of the communications,the UE and/or the base station may consume power, communication,network, and computing resources to detect and/or correct communicationerrors associated with the degradation.

As indicated above, FIG. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 3 .

In some aspects described herein, a transmitting device may apply tonereservation to a communication, with the tone reservation applied to oneor more sets of consecutive subcarriers. In this way, a granularityand/or resolution of subcarriers having tone reservation applied may beincreased, which may reduce estimation errors (e.g., incorrectidentification of subcarriers as having tone reservation applied) by areceiving device and/or which may enable identification, using a reducednumber of bits, of subcarriers having tone reservation applied.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 associated with tonereservation for sets of consecutive subcarriers, in accordance with thepresent disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4 , a base station (e.g., basestation 110) may communicate with a UE (e.g., UE 120). In some aspects,the base station and the UE may be part of a wireless network (e.g.,wireless network 100). As shown in FIG. 4 , the base station may applytone reservation for downlink communications.

As shown by reference number 405, the base station may transmit, and theUE may receive, configuration information. In some aspects, the UE mayreceive the configuration information via one or more of radio resourcecontrol (RRC) signaling, medium access control (MAC) control elements(CEs) (MAC CEs), and/or downlink control information (DCI), among otherexamples. In some aspects, the configuration information may include anindication of one or more configuration parameters (e.g., already knownto the UE) for selection by the UE, and/or explicit configurationinformation for the UE to use to configure the UE, among other examples.

In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UEis to transmit an indication of UE capability (e.g., UE support) toreceive one or more downlink communications having tone reservationapplied (e.g., based at least in part on a downlink channel). In someaspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UE is toreceive an indication that tone reservation is to be applied to one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers for one or more downlinkcommunications. For example, the configuration information may indicatethat the UE is to receive the indication via RRC signaling, MACsignaling, and/or DCI, among other examples. In some aspects, theconfiguration information may indicate a size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers that are to be used for tone reservation (e.g., a number ofconsecutive subcarriers that are grouped in sets) and/or a granularityof subcarriers to which tone reservation may be applied. In someaspects, the configuration information may indicate one or moreparameters for determining a starting resource block from which the setsof consecutive subcarriers are to be counted and/or measured.

In some aspects, the indication may include an indication of a number ofsubcarriers and/or a number of sets of consecutive subcarriers to whichtone reservation is to be applied, a fraction of subcarriers and/or setsof consecutive subcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied,and/or a threshold power for subcarriers and/or sets of consecutivesubcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied.

In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UEis to transmit one or more uplink signals (e.g., sounding referencesignals), using the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g.,using subcarriers in the same frequency ranges as the one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers), for measurement by the base station. Insome aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UE isto transmit an indication of a measurement of one or moresignal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios (SINRs) based at least in parton reception of one or more downlink reference signals.

In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UEis to determine a channel response of the one or more downlinkcommunications (e.g., based at least on part on demodulation referencesignals or data symbols of the one or more downlink communications) andgenerate a set of estimated indices of the sets of consecutivesubcarriers having tone reservation applied based at least in part onreceived energy (e.g., power) on subcarriers within the sets ofconsecutive subcarriers. For example, the configuration information mayindicate that the UE is to generate the set of estimated indices toinclude indices for one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers having alowest received energy of sets of consecutive subcarriers of the one ormore downlink communications.

In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UEis to decode the one or more downlink communications based at least inpart on discarding samples measured on the sets of consecutivesubcarriers (e.g., zeroing out log likelihood ratios (LLRs) for the oneor more sets of consecutive subcarriers) and/or rate match thecommunication (e.g., removing the sets of consecutive subcarriers from atransport block associated with the one or more downlinkcommunications).

As shown by reference number 410, the UE may configure the UE based atleast in part on the configuration information. In some aspects, the UEmay be configured to perform one or more operations described hereinbased at least in part on the configuration information.

As shown by reference number 415, the UE may transmit, and the basestation may receive, an indication of a UE capability to receivedownlink communications having tone reservation applied (e.g., based atleast in part on a downlink channel). In some aspects, the UE maytransmit the indication as part of an RRC configuration process. Forexample, the UE may transmit the indication in connection with a UEcapability report during or after an RRC configuration process. In someaspects, the UE capability to receive the downlink communications havingthe tone reservation applied may be based at least in part on aconfiguration of the UE, components of the UE, and/or availability ofresources of the UE that may be used to determine subchannels to whichtone reservation has been applied within a threshold amount of time.

As shown by reference number 420, the base station may transmit, and theUE may receive, one or more downlink signals, such as one or moredownlink reference signals. In some aspects, the base station maytransmit one or more channel state information reference signals(CSI-RSs) and/or one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs), amongother examples, for the UE to measure. The UE may measure the one ormore downlink signals to determine one or more SINRs associated with oneor more channels via which the UE receives communications from the basestation.

As shown by reference number 425, the UE may transmit, and the basestation may receive, a measurement report. In some aspects, the UE maytransmit, and the base station may receive, a measurement of one or moreSINRs that are based at least in part on reception of the one or moredownlink signals. In some aspects, the base station may determinewhether to use tone reservation for subsequent downlink communicationsbased at least in part on the measurement report. For example, the basestation may determine to use tone reservation based at least in part ona relatively low SINR (e.g., less than or equal to a threshold) and/ormay determine to not use tone reservation based at least in part on arelatively high SINR (e.g., greater than or equal to a threshold). Insome aspects, the base station may determine an amount (e.g., a level ora degree) of tone reservation to apply based at least in part on themeasurement report. For example, the base station may determine a numberof subcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied, a fraction ofsubcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied, or a thresholdpower for subcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied basedat least in part on the one or more SINRs indicated in the measurementreport.

As shown by reference number 430, the base station may transmit, and theUE may receive, an indication that tone reservation is to be applied toone or more subcarriers for one or more downlink communications and/or asize of sets of consecutive subcarriers for tone reservation. In someaspects, the base station may transmit the indication that tonereservation is to be applied to one or more subcarriers for one or moredownlink communications and/or an indication of the size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers for tone reservation via RRC signaling, DCI,and/or one or more MAC-CEs.

In some aspects, the indication that tone reservation is to be appliedmay include an indication of a number of sets of consecutive subcarriersto which tone reservation is to be applied, a fraction (e.g.,percentage) of sets of consecutive subcarriers to which tone reservationis to be applied, and/or a threshold power for subcarriers to which tonereservation is to be applied, among other examples. For example, theindication may include information that indicates that the N sets ofconsecutive subcarriers with the lowest energy, power, and/orcapacitance (e.g., based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements,SINR measurements, and/or RSSI measurements) are to have tonereservation applied, where N is a non-negative integer (e.g., a positiveinteger). As another example, the indication may include informationthat indicates a fraction or percentage (e.g., one fourth, one tenth,5%, 10%, 20%, or the like) of sets of consecutive subcarriers to whichtone reservation is to be applied (e.g., sets of consecutive subcarriersin the bottom fourth, tenth, 5%, 10%, 20%, or the like, in energy and/orpower). As yet another example, the indication may include informationthat indicates a threshold power (e.g., 0 dB, −5 dB, −10 dB, or thelike), and that tone reservation is to be applied to sets of consecutivesubcarriers associated with uplink signals that fail to satisfy thethreshold power. In some aspects, an energy, power, and/or capacitanceof a set of consecutive subcarriers may be based at least in part on asubcarrier within the set of consecutive subcarriers having a highestvalue or a lowest value of the set of consecutive subcarriers. In someaspects, an energy, power, and/or capacitance of a set of consecutivesubcarriers may be based at least in part on an average value of thesubcarriers of the set of consecutive subcarriers.

In some aspects, the indication that tone reservation is to be appliedmay include information identifying a tone reservation optimizationtechnique or formula. For example, based at least in part on the numberof sets of consecutive subcarriers, the fraction of sets of consecutivesubcarriers, and/or the threshold power for sets of consecutivesubcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied, an optimizationtechnique may be implemented to identify sets of consecutive subcarriersfor tone reservation in a manner that optimizes PAPR with a constraintof a maximum power (e.g., transmit power) that is equal to the powerused for the PDSCH and/or PDCCH subcarrier. In some aspects, theindication may include information that indicates that tone reservationoptimization techniques are to be performed in iterations, are to begenerated by applying machine learning, are to be generated usingconstrained or unconstrained optimization, or are to be generated bytesting hypothesis iterations, among other examples. In some aspects,the indication may include information identifying a minimum tonereservation power constraint to be used (e.g., in a manner designed toimprove UE detection).

In some aspects, the indication that tone reservation is to be appliedmay include information identifying a PAPR threshold to be achieved bytone reservation, and may include information indicating that varioustone reservation and/or optimization techniques are to be used until thePAPR threshold is satisfied. For example, the indication may includeinformation identifying the PAPR threshold and information indicatingthat the lowest energy sets of consecutive subcarriers are to beiteratively discarded until the PAPR threshold is reached (e.g.,starting with discarding the lowest 1% of subcarriers and incrementingby +1% until the PAPR threshold is satisfied).

In some aspects, the indication of the size of the sets of consecutivesubcarriers for tone reservation may indicate a grid for a channelassociated with the one or more downlink communications, in which thegrid indicates boundaries between sets of consecutive subcarriers. Forexample, the size may be measured in resource blocks (e.g., 0.5 resourceblocks, 1 resource block, or 2 resource blocks, among other examples)such that all subcarriers within consecutive boundaries of the grid areto be used for tone reservation or all subcarriers within consecutiveboundaries of the grid are not to be used for tone reservation. Achannel associated with a downlink communication may include a number ofcandidate sets of consecutive subcarriers that is less than a number ofsubcarriers of the downlink communication. In this way, the UE mayestimate a location of subcarriers having tone reservation with improvedaccuracy and/or the base station may indicate locations of thesubcarriers using fewer bits (e.g., because a set of candidate indicesis reduced). In some aspects, the indication may further include anindication of a starting resource block (e.g., a first resource block ofa bandwidth of the channel or a first resource block of an allocationfor the channel, among other examples).

In some aspects, the size of the sets of consecutive subcarriers fortone reservation may be based at least in part on an estimated channelresponse of the one or more downlink communications as received by theUE. For example, the size may be determined in order to reduce alikelihood of the UE erroneously estimating a set of consecutivesubcarriers to be used for tone reservation based at least in part on,for example, estimating a difference in a metric (e.g., energy,capacity, or power, among other examples) between a lowest value of anon-tone reservation set of consecutive subcarriers and a highest valueof a tone reservation set of consecutive subcarriers. The size may bebased at least in part on increasing the difference in the metric (e.g.,used by the UE to estimate the sets of consecutive subcarriers havingtone reservation applied).

In some implementations, the base station may change the size of thesets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on the estimatedchannel response. For example, if a first set and a second set havesimilar energy and the first set is initially (e.g., provisionally)chosen for tone reservation and the second for data, the base stationcan decide to change to a higher or lower number of subcarriers in thesets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., to satisfy a desired detectionprobability at the UE) and/or change granularity resolution. The basestation may indicate the change in DCI to indicate the change in acurrent or subsequent slot.

In some aspects, the indication may further indicate a type of tonereservation that is to be applied. For example, the indication mayindicate that puncturing is to be applied or that rate matching is to beapplied. For puncturing, the indication may indicate to discard samplesmeasured on the sets of consecutive subcarriers estimated to be used fortone reservation (e.g., zeroing out log likelihood ratios (LLRs) for theone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers). For rate matching, theindication may indicate to remove the sets of consecutive subcarriersestimated to be used for tone reservation from a transport blockassociated with the one or more downlink communications.

As shown by reference number 435, the UE may transmit, and the basestation may receive, one or more uplink signals. In some aspects, theone or more uplink signals may be transmitted by the UE for measurementby the base station (e.g., for the base station to identify subcarriersto which tone reservation is to be applied). In some aspects, the one ormore uplink signals include one or more sounding reference signals(SRSs).

As shown by reference number 440, the base station may apply tonereservation to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g.,applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers in the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on receivedenergy on the one or more uplink signals). In some aspects, the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers include a first set of subcarriersand a second set of subcarriers, with the first set of consecutivesubcarriers separated from the second set of consecutive subcarriers, ina frequency domain, by a third set of consecutive subcarriers carryingdata. In other words, the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriersmay be non-consecutive sets.

In some aspects, the base station may determine channel conditions(e.g., received energy measurements, one or more SINR values, and/or oneor more PAPR values, among other examples) based at least in part on theone or more uplink signals and apply tone reservation based at least inpart on the channel conditions. In some aspects, the base station mayapply tone reservation to the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers based at least in part on the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers having a lowest received energy of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers of the one or more uplink signals. In someaspects, the base station may apply tone reservation based at least inpart on receiving the indication of the measurement of one or more SINRs(e.g., the measurement report described in connection with referencenumber 425) and/or based at least in part on transmission of one or moredownlink reference signals (e.g., the downlink signals described inconnection with reference number 420).

In some aspects, the base station may apply tone reservation to a numberof sets of consecutive subcarriers, a fraction (e.g., percentage) ofsets of consecutive subcarriers, and/or based at least in part on athreshold power for sets of consecutive subcarriers, among otherexamples (e.g., as described herein). In some aspects, the base stationmay apply tone reservation using a tone reservation optimizationtechnique (e.g., as described herein). In some aspects, the base stationmay apply tone reservation based at least in part on a PAPR thresholdand/or various tone reservation and/or optimization techniques to beiteratively used until the PAPR threshold is satisfied (e.g., asdescribed herein).

In some aspects, the tone reservation frequency locations (e.g.,subcarrier identifiers associated with the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers) and corresponding values may be identified to amapper, along with data and/or pilots for transmission to the UE (e.g.,using OFDM transmission protocol (e.g., inverse fast Fourier transform(IFFT))). The mapper may map the data and/or pilots to subcarriers ofthe channel, excluding subcarriers to which tone reservation is applied.

As shown by reference number 445, the base station may transmit, and theUE may receive, one or more downlink communications having the tonereservation applied to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriersand/or an indication of the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.In some aspects, the base station may transmit the indication (e.g.,indices) of the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based atleast in part on a reduced number of bits to indicate the locations ofthe one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (relative to a number ofbits to individually indicate locations of subcarriers). In someaspects, the base station may not transmit the indication of the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers and the UE may use a channelresponse to estimate locations of the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers (e.g., as described in connection with reference number450).

As shown by reference number 450, the UE may determine a channelresponse and/or estimate the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers. In some aspects, estimating the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers includes attempting to identify the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on a channelresponse of a channel that carries the one or more downlinkcommunications.

In some aspects, the UE may determine a channel response of the one ormore downlink communications to generate the set of estimated indices.For example, the UE may generate the set of estimated indices based atleast in part on received energy on the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers of the one or more downlink communications. In some aspects,the UE may generate the set of estimated indices based at least in parton the configuration information (e.g., described herein in connectionwith reference number 405), and/or the indication that tone reservationis to be applied (e.g., described above in connection with referencenumber 430), among other examples. In some aspects, the UE may determinethe channel response based at least in part on data symbols and/or DMRSsymbols, of the one or more downlink communications (e.g., based atleast in part on an estimation of the lowest energy subcarriers usingthe data symbols and/or the DMRSs).

In some aspects, the UE may generate the set of estimated indices inorder to indicate one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers havinglowest received energies, power, or capacitance of the sets ofconsecutive subcarriers used for the one or more downlinkcommunications. In some aspects, the set of estimated indices mayinclude a number of indices based at least in part on informationincluded in the indication that tone reservation is to be applied to theone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., described above inconnection with reference number 430).

As shown by reference number 455, the UE may decode the one or moredownlink communications. In some aspects, the UE may decode the one ormore downlink communications based at least in part on the tonereservation being applied to the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers. In some aspects, the UE may use information included in theindication that tone reservation is to be applied to the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., described above in connectionwith reference number 430) to decode the one or more downlinkcommunications. In some aspects, the UE may decode the one or moredownlink communications based at least in part on discarding signalsassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers to whichtone reservation was applied (e.g., zeroing out LLRs of samplesassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers). Insome aspects, the UE may apply rate matching to the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers based at least in part on removing the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers from a transport block of the oneor more downlink communications.

Based at least in part on the base station indicating the size of setsof consecutive subcarriers for tone reservation in one or more downlinkcommunications, a granularity and/or resolution of subcarriers havingtone reservation applied may be increased, which may reduce estimationerrors (e.g., incorrect identification of subcarriers as having tonereservation applied) by the UE and/or which may enable identification,using a reduced number of bits, of subcarriers having tone reservationapplied.

As indicated above, FIG. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 4 .

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 associated with tonereservation for sets of consecutive subcarriers, in accordance with thepresent disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5 , a base station (e.g., basestation 110) may communicate with a UE (e.g., UE 120). In some aspects,the base station and the UE may be part of a wireless network (e.g.,wireless network 100). As shown in FIG. 5 , the UE may apply tonereservation for downlink communications.

As shown by reference number 505, the UE may receive, and the basestation may transmit, configuration information. In some aspects, the UEmay receive the configuration information via one or more of RRCsignaling, MAC CEs, and/or DCI, among other examples. In some aspects,the configuration information may include an indication of one or moreconfiguration parameters (e.g., already known to the UE) for selectionby the UE, and/or explicit configuration information for the UE to useto configure the UE, among other examples.

In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UEis to receive an indication that tone reservation is to be applied toone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers for one or more uplinkcommunications (e.g., based at least in part on an uplink channel). Forexample, the configuration information may indicate that the UE is toreceive the indication via RRC signaling, MAC signaling, and/or DCI,among other examples. In some aspects, the configuration information mayindicate a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers that are to be usedfor tone reservation (e.g., a number of consecutive subcarriers that aregrouped in sets) and/or a granularity of subcarriers to which tonereservation may be applied. In some aspects, the configurationinformation may indicate one or more parameters for determining astarting resource block from which the sets of consecutive subcarriersare to be counted and/or measured.

In some aspects, the indication may include an indication of a number ofsets of consecutive subcarriers to which tone reservation is to beapplied, a fraction of sets of consecutive subcarriers to which tonereservation is to be applied, and/or a threshold power for sets ofconsecutive subcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied.

In some aspects, the configuration information may indicate that the UEis to transmit one or more uplink signals (e.g., sounding referencesignals), using the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers, formeasurement by the base station. In some aspects, the configurationinformation may indicate that the UE is to determine a channel responseof an uplink channel based at least in part on downlink signals receivedfrom the base station. The configuration information may indicate thatthe UE is to apply tone reservation to the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

As shown by reference number 510, the UE may configure the UE based atleast in part on the configuration information. In some aspects, the UEmay be configured to perform one or more operations described hereinbased at least in part on the configuration information.

As shown by reference number 515, the UE may transmit, and the basestation may receive, an indication of a UE capability to transmit uplinkcommunications having tone reservation applied (e.g., based at least inpart on an uplink channel). In some aspects, the UE may transmit theindication as part of an RRC configuration process. For example, the UEmay transmit the indication in connection with a UE capability reportduring or after an RRC configuration process. In some aspects, the UEcapability to transmit the uplink communications having the tonereservation applied may be based at least in part on a configuration ofthe UE, components of the UE, and/or availability of resources of the UEthat may be used to determine the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers, within a threshold amount of time, to which tonereservation is to be applied.

As shown by reference number 520, the UE may transmit, and the basestation may receive, one or more uplink signals. In some aspects, theone or more uplink signals may be transmitted by the UE for measurementby the base station (e.g., to enable the base station to determinewhether tone reservation is to be applied to uplink communicationsand/or to generate a measurement report for transmission to the basestation, among other examples). In some aspects, the one or more uplinksignals include one or more SRSs.

As shown by reference number 525, the base station may transmit, and theUE may receive, a measurement report. In some aspects, the base stationmay transmit a measurement of one or more SINRs that are based at leastin part on reception of the one or more uplink signals. In some aspects,the UE may identify the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriersbased at least in part on the measurement report.

As shown by reference number 530, the base station may transmit, and theUE may receive, an indication that tone reservation is to be applied toone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers for one or more uplinkcommunications, a starting resource block (e.g., for counting the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers), and/or a size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers for tone reservation. In some aspects, the UEmay receive the indication that tone reservation is to be applied (e.g.,MAC CE with a slot offset between a downlink allocation andcorresponding data (KO) greater than or equal to 0) via RRC signaling,MAC signaling, and/or DCI, among other examples. In some aspects, thestarting resource block and/or the size of the sets of consecutivesubcarriers for tone reservation may be indicated similarly to theindication described in connection with reference number 430.

In some aspects, the indication that tone reservation is to be appliedto one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers for one or more uplinkcommunications, the starting resource block, and/or the size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers for tone reservation may have one or morecharacteristics in common with the indication that tone reservation isto be applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers for one ormore downlink communications as described in connection with referencenumber 430 of FIG. 4 .

As shown by reference number 535, the UE may receive, and the basestation may transmit, one or more downlink signals. In some aspects, theone or more downlink signals may be transmitted by the base station formeasurement by the UE (e.g., to enable the UE to identify the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers to which tone reservation is to beapplied). In some aspects, the one or more downlink signals may includeone or more CSI-RSs, SSBs, or data channel signaling, among otherexamples. In some aspects, the UE may estimate a channel based at leastin part on data symbols and/or DMRSs within a data channel and/or withina control channel. For example, the UE may estimate the channel (e.g.,the uplink channel) based at least in part on an assumption ofreciprocity with the downlink channel.

As shown by reference number 540, the UE may apply tone reservation toone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., based at least inpart on received energy on the one or more downlink signals).

In some aspects, the UE may determine channel conditions (e.g., receivedenergy measurements, one or more SINR values, and/or one or more PAPRvalues, among other examples) based at least in part on the one or moredownlink signals and apply tone reservation based at least in part onthe channel conditions. In some aspects, the UE may apply tonereservation to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based atleast in part on the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers havinga lowest received energy, power, or capacity of sets of consecutivesubcarriers of the one or more downlink signals. In some aspects, the UEmay apply tone reservation based at least in part on receiving theindication of the measurement of one or more SINRs (e.g., themeasurement report described in connection with reference number 525)and/or based at least in part on transmission of one or more uplinkreference signals (e.g., the downlink signals described in connectionwith reference number 535).

In some aspects, the UE may apply tone reservation to a number ofsubcarriers, a fraction (e.g., percentage) of subcarriers, and/or basedat least in part on a threshold power for subcarriers, among otherexamples (e.g., as described herein). In some aspects, the UE may applytone reservation using a tone reservation optimization technique (e.g.,as described herein). In some aspects, the UE may apply tone reservationbased at least in part on a PAPR threshold and/or various tonereservation and/or optimization techniques to be iteratively used untilthe PAPR threshold is satisfied (e.g., as described herein).

In some aspects, the UE may apply tone reservation based at least inpart on an indication from the base station that indicates a number ofone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., fraction orpercentage) to which tone reservation is to be applied. In some aspects,the tone reservation frequency locations (e.g., subcarrier identifiers)and corresponding values may be identified to a mapper, along with dataand/or pilots for transmission to the base station (e.g., using OFDMtransmission protocol (e.g., IFFT)). The mapper may map the data and/orpilots to subcarriers of the channel, excluding subcarriers to whichtone reservation is applied.

As shown by reference number 545, the UE may transmit, and the basestation may receive, the one or more uplink communications having thetone reservation applied to the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers. In some aspects, one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers to which tone reservation is applied (e.g., by the UE) arebased at least in part on the measurement of the one or more downlinksignals on the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., asdescribed herein).

As shown by reference number 550, the base station may determine achannel response and/or estimate the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers. In some aspects, estimating the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers includes attempting to identify the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on a channelresponse of a channel that carries the one or more uplinkcommunications.

In some aspects, the base station may determine a channel response ofthe one or more downlink communications to generate a set of estimatedindices associated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.For example, the base station may generate the set of estimated indicesbased at least in part on received energy, power, or capacity on the oneor more sets of consecutive subcarriers of the one or more uplinkcommunications. In some aspects, the base station may generate the setof estimated indices based at least in part on the indication that tonereservation is to be applied (e.g., as described above in connectionwith reference number 530), among other examples. In some aspects, thebase station may determine the channel response based at least in parton data symbols and/or on DMRS symbols, of the one or more uplinkcommunications.

In some aspects, the base station may generate the set of estimatedindices to indicate one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers havinglowest received energies of subcarriers used for the one or more uplinkcommunications. In some aspects, the set of estimated indicates mayinclude a number of indices based at least in part on informationincluded in the indication that tone reservation is to be applied to theone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., described above inconnection with reference number 530).

As shown by reference number 555, the base station may decode the one ormore uplink communications. In some aspects, the base station may decodethe one or more uplink communications based at least in part on the tonereservation being applied to the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers. In some aspects, the base station may use informationincluded in the indication that tone reservation is to be applied to theone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (e.g., as described above inconnection with reference number 530) to decode the one or more uplinkcommunications. In some aspects, the base station may decode the one ormore uplink communications based at least in part on discarding signalsassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers to whichtone reservation was applied (e.g., zeroing out LLRs of samplesassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers). Insome aspects, the UE may apply rate matching to the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers based at least in part on removing the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers from a transport block of the oneor more downlink communications.

Based at least in part on the base station indicating the size of setsof consecutive subcarriers for tone reservation in one or more uplinkcommunications, a granularity and/or resolution of subcarriers havingtone reservation applied may be increased, which may reduce estimationerrors (e.g., incorrect identification of subcarriers as having tonereservation applied) by the base station and/or which may enableidentification, using a reduced number of bits, of subcarriers havingtone reservation applied.

As indicated above, FIG. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 5 .

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of tone reservation forsets of consecutive subcarriers, in accordance with the presentdisclosure. As shown in FIG. 6 , tone reservation may be applied tocommunications transmitted from a base station to a UE.

As shown in example 600, the base station may measure one or more UESRSs to estimate an uplink channel. The base station may use theestimate of the uplink channel to estimate a downlink channel (e.g.,using an assumption of reciprocity between the uplink channel and thedownlink channel). In some aspects, the base station may use theestimate of the downlink channel to determine one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers to which tone reservation is to be applied.

The base station may determine that tone reservation is to be applied toone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers for downlink transmissionsto the UE (e.g., based at least in part on an SINR reported by the UE,the uplink channel estimate, other metrics associated with the uplinkchannel or the downlink channel, network traffic, and/or an amount ofdata buffered for transmission to the UE). When the base stationdetermines that tone reservation is to be applied, the base station maythen determine which sets of consecutive subcarriers are to be selectedfor tone reservation. In some aspects, selection of sets of consecutivesubcarriers may be based at least in part on a default number, such asthe lowest 10% of sets of consecutive subcarriers. In some aspects,selection of the default number may be based at least in part on theSINR measurements.

As shown by reference number 610, in some aspects, the base station mayiteratively perform subcarrier sets selection techniques until athreshold PAPR value is reached. For example, the base station may usethe UE downlink channel estimate, a default number of tones (e.g.,subcarriers), and a default PAPR threshold to perform a selectivemapping (SLM) technique, where alternative transmit sequence vectors(e.g., corresponding to the UE downlink channel) are generated from thesame data source by multiplying the vectors by a random or pseudo-randomphase. After multiplication, IFFT may be performed on the vectors toconvert the corresponding signal from the frequency domain to the timedomain, and PAPR values may be determined for each of the vectors. ThePAPR values may be compared to one another in a manner designed tooptimize tone reservation values by identifying a vector having tonereservations that result in a relatively low, or lowest, PAPR value withrespect to other vectors. The base station may then determine whetherthe PAPR threshold is satisfied by the tone reservations indicated inthe identified vector.

In some aspects, the subcarrier set selection process may be performedup to k iterations, where k is a positive integer, and/or until a PAPRvalue that satisfies the threshold is reached. For example, if a defaultvalue (e.g., an initial value) for the number of sets of subcarriers towhich tone reservation is to be applied is 5%, and the subcarrier setselection output fails to satisfy the PAPR threshold by applying tonereservation to the lowest 5% of subcarriers, the base station mayincrease the default value (e.g., by a fixed amount, variable amount, orfixed rate) and perform SLM again to determine if reserving theincreased number of sets of subcarriers (e.g., the lowest 6%) willsatisfy the PAPR threshold. In some aspects, the PAPR threshold may bemodified (e.g., lowered to decrease the number of sets of subcarriersthat would be reserved, or raised to increase the number of sets ofsubcarriers that would be reserved) when iterating through thesubcarrier selection process.

Once a tone reservation satisfying the PAPR threshold is identified, thebase station may use the identified tone reservation and modulated datato remap the modulated data using the identified tone reservation scheme(e.g., application of tone reservation on the identified subchannels).For example, in a situation where the subcarrier selection processindicates that the lowest 6% of sets of subcarriers (e.g., in terms ofSINR) should be reserved to meet a given PAPR threshold, the modulateddata may only be mapped to the top 94% of sets of subcarriers (e.g.,based on received energy and/or power), leaving the bottom 6% reserved.After application of IFFT, the resulting downlink communication may betransmitted to the UE.

The UE may receive the downlink communication as RF signals and may useanalog to digital conversion (ADC), using a configured number of bits,to provide digital output to a digital front end (DFE) of the UE. The UEmay then apply a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm to convert thereceived signals to a frequency domain and obtain the UE downlinkcommunication.

The UE may decode a report of the tone reservation (e.g., included inDCI), which may indicate a number of subcarriers to which tonereservation was applied. For example, the report may indicate that tonereservation is to be applied to the lowest 6% of subcarriers.

The UE may use the downlink communication (e.g., data symbols) toestimate the energy (e.g., power) of the sets of subcarriers of thechannel (e.g., using SINK). After identifying the smallest (e.g.,lowest) energy sets of subcarriers (e.g., the bottom 6%), the UE maygenerate a set of estimated indices associated with a hypothesis of theone or more subcarriers. The UE may discard the identified subcarriersvia rate matching or puncturing and decode the remaining the data.

As indicated above, FIG. 6 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 6 .

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of tone reservation forsets of consecutive subcarriers, in accordance with the presentdisclosure. As shown in FIG. 7 , tone reservation may be applied tocommunications transmitted from a base station to a UE. As shown in FIG.7 , a bandwidth allocation of a channel may be divided into sets ofconsecutive subcarriers using boundaries, in a frequency domain, of thesets of consecutive subcarriers for tone reservation. Although FIG. 7 isdescribed with reference to a downlink communication, similar techniquesmay be applied to uplink communications and/or sidelink communicationsin which a UE is a transmitting device and a base station or another UEis a receiving device.

As shown in FIG. 7 , a channel response of a downlink channel includesmultiple low energy subcarriers. If the base station is configured toapply tone reservation on subcarriers having lowest energies, the basestation may apply tone reservation on subcarriers indicated with acircle. However, energies of the lowest energy subcarriers may be closeto energies of subcarriers that do not have tone reservation applied(e.g., as shown by the highest energy subcarriers indicated with only acircle and lowest energy subcarriers indicated with only an “x”). Thismay result in inaccurate estimations of the locations of subcarriershaving tone reservation applied.

If the base station is configured to apply tone reservation on sets ofsubcarriers (indicated with an “x”), with each set having a size (e.g.,a number of subcarriers in each set), the UE may improve accuracy forestimating locations of the subcarriers having tone reservation applied.For example, the UE may estimate that tone reservation is applied to allsubcarriers in a same set as a local minimum energy, a set that has alowest value of a highest energy of the set, or a set having a lowestaverage energy. In this way, the UE may improve accuracy in estimatinglocations of subcarriers having tone reservation applied based at leastin part on an increased difference in energies, power, or capacities ofthe sets of consecutive subcarriers, when compared to differencesbetween individual subcarriers.

As indicated above, FIG. 7 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 7 .

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, forexample, by a UE, in accordance with the present disclosure. Exampleprocess 800 is an example where the UE (e.g., UE 120) performsoperations associated with tone reservation for sets of consecutivesubcarriers.

As shown in FIG. 8 , in some aspects, process 800 may include receivingan indication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on whichchannel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications (block 810). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcommunication manager 140 and/or reception component 1002, depicted inFIG. 10 ) may receive an indication of a size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied forone or more communications, as described above.

As further shown in FIG. 8 , in some aspects, process 800 may includecommunicating the one or more communications having tone reservationapplied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers (block 820). Forexample, the UE (e.g., using communication manager 140, receptioncomponent 1002, and/or transmission component 1004, depicted in FIG. 10) may communicate the one or more communications having tone reservationapplied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers, as describedabove.

Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect orany combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with oneor more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the one or more communications include one or moredownlink communications, and communicating the one or morecommunications comprises receiving the one or more downlinkcommunications having the tone reservation applied, by a base station,to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect,receiving the one or more downlink communications comprises applyingrate matching to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers, orzeroing log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) of the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstand second aspects, process 800 includes estimating the one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies orcapacities associated with the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through third aspects, estimating the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies or capacitiesassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarrierscomprises estimating energies or capacities associated with the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part ondemodulation reference signals received on the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough fourth aspects, process 800 includes receiving, from a basestation, an indication of the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough fifth aspects, the one or more communications include one ormore uplink communications, and communicating the one or morecommunications comprises transmitting the one or more uplinkcommunications having the tone reservation applied to the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through sixth aspects, the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers comprise a first set of consecutive subcarriers, and asecond set of consecutive subcarriers, wherein the first set ofconsecutive subcarriers is separated from the second set of consecutivesubcarriers, in a frequency domain, by a third set of consecutivesubcarriers carrying data.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through seventh aspects, process 800 includes receiving anindication of a starting resource block from which the size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers is to be counted.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough eighth aspects, process 800 includes receiving an indicationthat rate matching or puncturing is to be applied to the one or morecommunications having the tone reservation applied.

Although FIG. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects,process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 8 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, forexample, by a base station, in accordance with the present disclosure.Example process 900 is an example where the base station (e.g., basestation 110) performs operations associated with tone reservation forsets of consecutive subcarriers.

As shown in FIG. 9 , in some aspects, process 900 may includetransmitting, to a UE, an indication of a size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied forone or more communications (block 910). For example, the base station(e.g., using communication manager 150 and/or transmission component1104, depicted in FIG. 11 ) may transmit, to a UE, an indication of asize of sets of consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tonereservation is to be applied for one or more communications, asdescribed above.

As further shown in FIG. 9 , in some aspects, process 900 may includecommunicating, with the UE, the one or more communications having tonereservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers(block 920). For example, the base station (e.g., using communicationmanager 150, reception component 1102, and/or transmission component1104, depicted in FIG. 11 ) may communicate, with the UE, the one ormore communications having tone reservation applied to one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers, as described above.

Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect orany combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with oneor more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the one or more communications include one or moreuplink communications, and communicating the one or more communicationscomprises receiving the one or more uplink communications having thetone reservation applied, by a base station, to the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect,receiving the one or more uplink communications comprises applying ratematching to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers, or zeroinglog-likelihood ratios (LLRs) of the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstand second aspects, process 900 includes estimating the one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies orcapacities associated with the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through third aspects, estimating the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies or capacitiesassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarrierscomprises estimating energies or capacities associated with the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part ondemodulation reference signals received on the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough fourth aspects, process 900 includes transmitting an indicationof the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough fifth aspects, the one or more communications include one ormore downlink communications, and communicating the one or morecommunications comprises transmitting the one or more downlinkcommunications having the tone reservation applied to the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through sixth aspects, the size of sets of consecutive subcarriersis based at least in part on an estimated channel response of the one ormore downlink communications as received by the UE.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through seventh aspects, the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers comprise a first set of consecutive subcarriers and a secondset of consecutive subcarriers, wherein the first set of consecutivesubcarriers is separated from the second set of consecutive subcarriers,in a frequency domain, by a set of third set of consecutive subcarrierscarrying data.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough eighth aspects, process 900 includes transmitting an indicationof a starting resource block from which the size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers is to be counted.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough ninth aspects, process 900 includes transmitting an indicationthat rate matching or puncturing is to be applied to the one or morecommunications having the tone reservation applied.

Although FIG. 9 shows example blocks of process 900, in some aspects,process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 9 .Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an example apparatus 1000 for wirelesscommunication. The apparatus 1000 may be a UE, or a UE may include theapparatus 1000. In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 includes a receptioncomponent 1002 and a transmission component 1004, which may be incommunication with one another (for example, via one or more busesand/or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 1000 maycommunicate with another apparatus 1006 (such as a UE, a base station,or another wireless communication device) using the reception component1002 and the transmission component 1004. As further shown, theapparatus 1000 may include a communication manager 1008 (e.g., thecommunication manager 140).

In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 may be configured to perform one ormore operations described herein in connection with FIGS. 4-7 .Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1000 may be configured toperform one or more processes described herein, such as process 800 ofFIG. 8 . In some aspects, the apparatus 1000 and/or one or morecomponents shown in FIG. 10 may include one or more components of the UEdescribed in connection with FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively,one or more components shown in FIG. 10 may be implemented within one ormore components described in connection with FIG. 2 . Additionally, oralternatively, one or more components of the set of components may beimplemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. Forexample, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented asinstructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable mediumand executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functionsor operations of the component.

The reception component 1002 may receive communications, such asreference signals, control information, data communications, or acombination thereof, from the apparatus 1006. The reception component1002 may provide received communications to one or more other componentsof the apparatus 1000. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 mayperform signal processing on the received communications (such asfiltering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion,demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interferencecancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide theprocessed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus1006. In some aspects, the reception component 1002 may include one ormore antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, acontroller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UEdescribed in connection with FIG. 2 .

The transmission component 1004 may transmit communications, such asreference signals, control information, data communications, or acombination thereof, to the apparatus 1006. In some aspects, one or moreother components of the apparatus 1006 may generate communications andmay provide the generated communications to the transmission component1004 for transmission to the apparatus 1006. In some aspects, thetransmission component 1004 may perform signal processing on thegenerated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation,digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, orencoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signalsto the apparatus 1006. In some aspects, the transmission component 1004may include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMOprocessor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or acombination thereof, of the UE described in connection with FIG. 2 . Insome aspects, the transmission component 1004 may be co-located with thereception component 1002 in a transceiver.

The reception component 1002 may receive an indication of a size of setsof consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is tobe applied for one or more communications. The reception component 1002,and/or transmission component 1004 may communicate the one or morecommunications having tone reservation applied to one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

The communication manager 1008 may estimate the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies or capacitiesassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

The reception component 1002 may receive, from a base station, anindication of the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

The reception component 1002 may receive an indication of a startingresource block from which the size of sets of consecutive subcarriers isto be counted.

The reception component 1002 may receive an indication that ratematching or puncturing is to be applied to the one or morecommunications having the tone reservation applied.

The number and arrangement of components shown in FIG. 10 are providedas an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewercomponents, different components, or differently arranged componentsthan those shown in FIG. 10 . Furthermore, two or more components shownin FIG. 10 may be implemented within a single component, or a singlecomponent shown in FIG. 10 may be implemented as multiple, distributedcomponents. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more)components shown in FIG. 10 may perform one or more functions describedas being performed by another set of components shown in FIG. 10 .

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an example apparatus 1100 for wirelesscommunication. The apparatus 1100 may be a base station, or a basestation may include the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the apparatus1100 includes a reception component 1102 and a transmission component1104, which may be in communication with one another (for example, viaone or more buses and/or one or more other components). As shown, theapparatus 1100 may communicate with another apparatus 1106 (such as aUE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using thereception component 1102 and the transmission component 1104. As furthershown, the apparatus 1100 may include a communication manager 1108(e.g., the communication manager 150).

In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one ormore operations described herein in connection with FIGS. 4-7 .Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be configured toperform one or more processes described herein, such as process 900 ofFIG. 9 . In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 and/or one or morecomponents shown in FIG. 11 may include one or more components of thebase station described in connection with FIG. 2 . Additionally, oralternatively, one or more components shown in FIG. 11 may beimplemented within one or more components described in connection withFIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of theset of components may be implemented at least in part as software storedin a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) maybe implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processorto perform the functions or operations of the component.

The reception component 1102 may receive communications, such asreference signals, control information, data communications, or acombination thereof, from the apparatus 1106. The reception component1102 may provide received communications to one or more other componentsof the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 mayperform signal processing on the received communications (such asfiltering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion,demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interferencecancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide theprocessed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus1106. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may include one ormore antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, acontroller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the basestation described in connection with FIG. 2 .

The transmission component 1104 may transmit communications, such asreference signals, control information, data communications, or acombination thereof, to the apparatus 1106. In some aspects, one or moreother components of the apparatus 1106 may generate communications andmay provide the generated communications to the transmission component1104 for transmission to the apparatus 1106. In some aspects, thetransmission component 1104 may perform signal processing on thegenerated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation,digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, orencoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signalsto the apparatus 1106. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104may include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMOprocessor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or acombination thereof, of the base station described in connection withFIG. 2 . In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may beco-located with the reception component 1102 in a transceiver.

The transmission component 1104 may transmit, to a UE, an indication ofa size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tonereservation is to be applied for one or more communications. Thereception component 1102 and/or the transmission component 1104 maycommunicate, with the UE, the one or more communications having tonereservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

The communication manager 1108 may estimate the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies or capacitiesassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

The transmission component 1104 may transmit an indication of the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers.

The transmission component 1104 may transmit an indication of a startingresource block from which the size of sets of consecutive subcarriers isto be counted.

The transmission component 1104 may transmit an indication that ratematching or puncturing is to be applied to the one or morecommunications having the tone reservation applied.

The number and arrangement of components shown in FIG. 11 are providedas an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewercomponents, different components, or differently arranged componentsthan those shown in FIG. 11 . Furthermore, two or more components shownin FIG. 11 may be implemented within a single component, or a singlecomponent shown in FIG. 11 may be implemented as multiple, distributedcomponents. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more)components shown in FIG. 11 may perform one or more functions describedas being performed by another set of components shown in FIG. 11 .

The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the presentdisclosure:

Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a userequipment (UE), comprising: receiving an indication of a size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to beapplied for one or more communications; and communicating the one ormore communications having tone reservation applied to one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein the one or more communicationsinclude one or more downlink communications, and wherein communicatingthe one or more communications comprises receiving the one or moredownlink communications having the tone reservation applied, by a basestation, to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 3: The method of Aspect 2, wherein receiving the one or moredownlink communications comprises: applying rate matching to the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers, or zeroing log-likelihood ratios(LLRs) of the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 4: The method of any of Aspects 2 or 3, further comprising:estimating the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based atleast in part on energies or capacities associated with the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 5: The method of Aspect 4, wherein estimating the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies orcapacities associated with the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers comprises: estimating energies or capacities associated withthe one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in parton demodulation reference signals received on the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 6: The method of any of Aspects 2-5, further comprising:receiving, from a base station, an indication of the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 7: The method of any of Aspects 1-6, wherein the one or morecommunications include one or more uplink communications, and whereincommunicating the one or more communications comprises transmitting theone or more uplink communications having the tone reservation applied tothe one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 8: The method of any of Aspects 1-7, wherein the one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers comprise: a first set of consecutivesubcarriers, and a second set of consecutive subcarriers, wherein thefirst set of consecutive subcarriers is separated from the second set ofconsecutive subcarriers, in a frequency domain, by a third set ofconsecutive subcarriers carrying data.

Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 1-8, further comprising:receiving an indication of a starting resource block from which the sizeof sets of consecutive subcarriers is to be counted.

Aspect 10: The method of any of Aspects 1-9, further comprising:receiving an indication that rate matching or puncturing is to beapplied to the one or more communications having the tone reservationapplied.

Aspect 11: A method of wireless communication performed by a basestation, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), anindication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on whichchannel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications; and communicating, with the UE, the one or morecommunications having tone reservation applied to one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 12: The method of Aspect 11, wherein the one or morecommunications include one or more uplink communications, and whereincommunicating the one or more communications comprises receiving the oneor more uplink communications having the tone reservation applied, by abase station, to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 13: The method of Aspect 12, wherein receiving the one or moreuplink communications comprises: applying rate matching to the one ormore sets of consecutive subcarriers, or zeroing log-likelihood ratios(LLRs) of the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 14: The method of any of Aspects 12 or 13, further comprising:estimating the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based atleast in part on energies or capacities associated with the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 15: The method of Aspect 14, wherein estimating the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies orcapacities associated with the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers comprises: estimating energies or capacities associated withthe one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in parton demodulation reference signals received on the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 16: The method of any of Aspects 12-15, further comprising:transmitting an indication of the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers.

Aspect 17: The method of any of Aspects 11-16, wherein the one or morecommunications include one or more downlink communications, and whereincommunicating the one or more communications comprises transmitting theone or more downlink communications having the tone reservation appliedto the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.

Aspect 18: The method of Aspect 17, wherein the size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers is based at least in part on an estimatedchannel response of the one or more downlink communications as receivedby the UE.

Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 11-18, wherein the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers comprise: a first set of consecutivesubcarriers, and a second set of consecutive subcarriers, wherein thefirst set of consecutive subcarriers is separated from the second set ofconsecutive subcarriers, in a frequency domain, by a set of third set ofconsecutive subcarriers carrying data.

Aspect 20: The method of any of Aspects 11-19, further comprising:transmitting an indication of a starting resource block from which thesize of sets of consecutive subcarriers is to be counted.

Aspect 21: The method of any of Aspects 11-20, further comprising:transmitting an indication that rate matching or puncturing is to beapplied to the one or more communications having the tone reservationapplied.

Aspect 22: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device,comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; andinstructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor tocause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects1-21.

Aspect 23: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory andone or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processorsconfigured to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-21.

Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at leastone means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-21.

Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code forwireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by aprocessor to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-21.

Aspect 26: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set ofinstructions for wireless communication, the set of instructionscomprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or moreprocessors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one ormore of Aspects 1-21.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the preciseforms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light ofthe above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construedas hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. “Software”shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code,code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules,applications, software applications, software packages, routines,subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures,and/or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software,firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, orotherwise. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware and/ora combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systemsand/or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms ofhardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. The actualspecialized control hardware or software code used to implement thesesystems and/or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, theoperation and behavior of the systems and/or methods were describedherein without reference to specific software code—it being understoodthat software and hardware can be designed to implement the systemsand/or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.

As used herein, satisfying a threshold may, depending on the context,refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equalto the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to thethreshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or thelike.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. In fact, many ofthese features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependentclaim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosureof various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination withevery other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referringto “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of thoseitems, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b,or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well asany combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a,a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or anyother ordering of a, b, and c).

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed ascritical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as usedherein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or moreitems and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Further, asused herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more itemsreferenced in connection with the article “the” and may be usedinterchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, theterms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items (e.g.,related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related andunrelated items), and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.”Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similarlanguage is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,”“having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, thephrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on”unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or”is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be usedinterchangeably with “and/or,” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g.,if used in combination with “either” or “only one of”).

What is claimed is:
 1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication,comprising: a memory; and one or more processors, coupled to the memory,configured to: receive an indication of a size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied forone or more communications; and communicate the one or morecommunications having tone reservation applied to one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.
 2. The base station of claim 1, wherein the oneor more communications include one or more downlink communications, andwherein the one or more processors, to communicate the one or morecommunications, are configured to receive the one or more downlinkcommunications having the tone reservation applied, by a base station,to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.
 3. The base stationof claim 2, wherein the one or more processors, to receive the one ormore downlink communications, are configured to: apply rate matching tothe one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers, or zero log-likelihoodratios (LLRs) of the one or more sets of consecutive sub carriers. 4.The base station of claim 2, wherein the one or more processors arefurther configured to: estimate the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers based at least in part on energies or capacities associatedwith the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.
 5. The basestation of claim 4, wherein the one or more processors, to estimate theone or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based at least in part onenergies or capacities associated with the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers, are configured to: estimate energies orcapacities associated with the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers based at least in part on demodulation reference signalsreceived on the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.
 6. The basestation of claim 2, wherein the one or more processors are furtherconfigured to: receive, from a base station, an indication of the one ormore sets of consecutive sub carriers.
 7. The UE of claim 1, wherein theone or more communications include one or more uplink communications,and wherein the one or more processors, to communicate the one or morecommunications, are configured to transmit the one or more uplinkcommunications having the tone reservation applied to the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers.
 8. The UE of claim 1, wherein the oneor more sets of consecutive subcarriers comprise: a first set ofconsecutive subcarriers, and a second set of consecutive subcarriers,wherein the first set of consecutive subcarriers is separated from thesecond set of consecutive subcarriers, in a frequency domain, by a thirdset of consecutive subcarriers carrying data.
 9. The UE of claim 1,wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: receive anindication of a starting resource block from which the size of sets ofconsecutive subcarriers is to be counted.
 10. The UE of claim 1, whereinthe one or more processors are further configured to: receive anindication that rate matching or puncturing is to be applied to the oneor more communications having the tone reservation applied.
 11. A basestation for wireless communication, comprising: a memory; and one ormore processors, coupled to the memory, configured to: transmit, to auser equipment (UE), an indication of a size of sets of consecutivesubcarriers on which channel-based tone reservation is to be applied forone or more communications; and communicate, with the UE, the one ormore communications having tone reservation applied to one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers.
 12. The base station of claim 11, whereinthe one or more communications include one or more uplinkcommunications, and wherein the one or more processors, to communicatethe one or more communications, are configured to receive the one ormore uplink communications having the tone reservation applied, by abase station, to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers. 13.The base station of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors, toreceive the one or more uplink communications, are configured to: applyrate matching to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers, orzero log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) of the one or more sets of consecutivesub carriers.
 14. The base station of claim 12, wherein the one or moreprocessors are further configured to: estimate the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers based at least in part on energies or capacitiesassociated with the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.
 15. Thebase station of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors, toestimate the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers based at leastin part on energies or capacities associated with the one or more setsof consecutive subcarriers, are configured to: estimate energies orcapacities associated with the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers based at least in part on demodulation reference signalsreceived on the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.
 16. Thebase station of claim 12, wherein the one or more processors are furtherconfigured to: transmit an indication of the one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.
 17. The base station of claim 11, wherein theone or more communications include one or more downlink communications,and wherein the one or more processors, to communicate the one or morecommunications, are configured to transmit the one or more downlinkcommunications having the tone reservation applied to the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers.
 18. The base station of claim 17,wherein the size of sets of consecutive subcarriers is based at least inpart on an estimated channel response of the one or more downlinkcommunications as received by the UE.
 19. The base station of claim 11,wherein the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers comprise: afirst set of consecutive subcarriers, and a second set of consecutivesubcarriers, wherein the first set of consecutive subcarriers isseparated from the second set of consecutive subcarriers, in a frequencydomain, by a set of third set of consecutive subcarriers carrying data.20. The base station of claim 11, wherein the one or more processors arefurther configured to: transmit an indication of a starting resourceblock from which the size of sets of consecutive subcarriers is to becounted.
 21. The base station of claim 11, wherein the one or moreprocessors are further configured to: transmit an indication that ratematching or puncturing is to be applied to the one or morecommunications having the tone reservation applied.
 22. A method ofwireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising:receiving an indication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers onwhich channel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications; and communicating the one or more communications havingtone reservation applied to one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.23. The method of claim 22, wherein the one or more communicationsinclude one or more downlink communications, and wherein communicatingthe one or more communications comprises receiving the one or moredownlink communications having the tone reservation applied, by a basestation, to the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.
 24. Themethod of claim 22, wherein the one or more communications include oneor more uplink communications, and wherein communicating the one or morecommunications comprises transmitting the one or more uplinkcommunications having the tone reservation applied to the one or moresets of consecutive subcarriers.
 25. The method of claim 22, furthercomprising: receiving an indication that rate matching or puncturing isto be applied to the one or more communications having the tonereservation applied.
 26. A method of wireless communication performed bya base station, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), anindication of a size of sets of consecutive subcarriers on whichchannel-based tone reservation is to be applied for one or morecommunications; and communicating, with the UE, the one or morecommunications having tone reservation applied to one or more sets ofconsecutive subcarriers.
 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the one ormore communications include one or more uplink communications, andwherein communicating the one or more communications comprises receivingthe one or more uplink communications having the tone reservationapplied, by a base station, to the one or more sets of consecutivesubcarriers.
 28. The method of claim 26, wherein the one or morecommunications include one or more downlink communications, and whereincommunicating the one or more communications comprises transmitting theone or more downlink communications having the tone reservation appliedto the one or more sets of consecutive subcarriers.
 29. The method ofclaim 26, further comprising: transmitting an indication of a startingresource block from which the size of sets of consecutive subcarriers isto be counted.
 30. The method of claim 26, further comprising:transmitting an indication that rate matching or puncturing is to beapplied to the one or more communications having the tone reservationapplied.